Linux Mint has a "Driver Manager" tool that works similarly. vi is included in almost every GNU/Linux or UNIX distribution. 7 star rating. 17. Learn how to run the command to install the default Bash shell that uses Ubuntu or can be set to install other Linux distributions, use basic WSL commands, set up Visual Studio Code or Visual Studio, Git, Windows Credential. Quick off the mark from previous 10 year anniversary, Kali Linux 2023. Graphical User Interface (X Window System): Although Linux is a command-line-based operating system, it may be turned to a GUI-based operating system by installing packages. Real Linux users don't use GUIs. 4. The resources to create a whole operating system on top of the kernel are free. Some popular distributions of Linux include Debian, Fedora, Ubuntu, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Oracle Enterprise Linux, and SUSE Linux Enterprise. Linux users usually obtain their operating system by downloading one of the Linux distributions, which are available for a wide variety of systems ranging from. The shorthand for that command is vi. Now, open the Downloads directory, right-click on the DEB file, and select Open With GDebi Package Installer. Examples include Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, CentOS, Gentoo, Arch Linux, and many others. Since Vi is quite difficult, most Linux distributions don't include real Vi; rather, they include Vim and symbolically link (or alias) the Vim to the name Vi. 8. g. The default runlevel is determined on the. The exception being ping as WhiteWinterWolf rightly commented. It is the classic and most popular text editor in the Linux family that comes built-in in most Linux distributions. nanoThe default Vim is often a "tiny" version that lacks useful features like clipboard, multibyte or Ruby/Python support, for example. Typically, Linux is packaged in a form known as a Linux distribution for both desktop and server use. While that's a silly example, it illustrates that Linux runs a lot of places, and has for a long time. basic. Once on the MariaDB shell, create the database and database user and grant all the privileges to the. This is a RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) based distribution. Vi is a widely used command line text file editor comes with almost every linux distros. However, at present, most operating systems offer vi support through its clone as Vim (Vi IMproved): ls -l $ ( which vi) lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 3 Jan 9 05:03 /usr/bin/vi -> vim. Another screenshot of my current best Linux distro = Pop!_OS + Pop Shell. In the comments to my recent post. It is a substantial improvement over traditional Vi. It was designed with security in mind; it has proactive security features like PaX and SSP that prevent security holes in the software to be exploited. The vi editor is the most popular and commonly used Unix text editor; It is usually available in all Linux Distributions. It has many features that Vi does not, even features that are not “advanced. It works in two modes, Command and Insert; Command mode takes the user commands, and the Insert mode is for editing text; You should know the commands to work on your file easily Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like True or false: nano is an extended variant of pico. To make matters worse, many distributions come with proprietary. The system is based on the UNIX operating system and has numerous distributions built around the same kernel. I would even say that vi is not installed by default in almost any distribution these days. rpm packages and a package manager called dnf, along with its own ecosystem of tools. This will open up the vi editor for you to edit your files. d) vi stands for visual editor. When a Linux system is launched, this tutorial will show you how to execute a command or a script. The more complicated answer to this is that it sounds too good to be true for a reason. Linux is an open-source, community-developed operating system with the kernel at its core, alongside other tools, applications, and services. vi positions the cursor at the next occurrence of the string. g. One of the limitations of this command is that the output isn’t very easy to use: $ diff file1. 2. ArchBang. An operating system is the software that directly manages a system’s hardware and resources, like CPU, memory, and storage. Linux is compatible with millions of digital devices. Ubuntu and Linux both have a set of core commands and syntax. vi Editor Basic Commands : In this section, we will talk about the basic command of vi editor which has to know by every Linux user for use of the basic function of vi editor. This will give a novice Linux user a more accurate understanding and feel for everything that follows. Add to Safari. Vim stands for Vi-Improved, the user-friendly version of Vi. Yum – Basic Usage. @GiorgiTsiklauri Vi is a editor mandated by POSIX, the Portable Operating System Interface family of standards, which Linux distributions try to adhere to. Everything else is backports. On Fedora, that command would look like. Almost all Linux distributions, even older versions, come with the Vim editor installed. Although it’s based on Ubuntu, Pop_OS feels a lot more polished and bloat-free compared to Ubuntu. 2. If you are on a commercial unix you generally get ksh as the default shell (sometime plain just old sh). There’s a desktop version and a server version of the operating system, depending on where you plan to install it. Run a container from the image and enter the BusyBox shell: docker run -it --rm busybox. Once you've learned vi, you'll not Working with emacs. His contribution is amazing. While there are numerous editors available for Linux that range from the tiny editor nano to massive emacs editor, there are several advantages to the vi editor: The vieditor is available on every Linux distribution in the world. I. The UNIX vi editor is a full screen editor and has two modes of operation: . 6 is a rolling-release distro built on Arch Linux, with the latest version of the OS released in 2022. Having said that, a user should not have write permission on most log files anyway. To launch the editor, open your Linux terminal and then type: vi <filename_NEW> or <filename_EXISTING>. Even though the latest regular version (Leap) does not offer 32-bit images, the rolling release edition (Tumbleweed) does provide 32-bit image. Linux is perfect for everyday tasks like browsing, emailing, photo management, financial management, and much more. Once you get used to it, you’ll find that it’s one of the most reliable and user-friendly operating systems available. 4. , for a Raspberry Pi). Note that this does not mean that the full name of the text editor "vi" is still "visual" or, even, that "vi" currently stands for "visual" - the name of the editor is. KDE Plasma. Nano doesn’t have Vim’s flexibility, but it will definitely do the work if you need to edit a large file. Vi and Vim are modal editors, separating the viewing of a file from the editing of a file. Details may vary on a "per Linux distribution / OS version" basis. Vi is a powerful editor when used by an experienced user, but it is not inconceivable that a novice user might accidentally delete or otherwise modify the log file. A Linux distribution is a bundle that consists of a Linux kernel and a selection of applications that are maintained by a company or user community. Get the latest snapshot from the openSUSE downloads, copy it to. While most distributions include nano and vi, users must install jed manually. Pop!_OS. vi is an interactive text editor that is display-oriented: the screen of your terminal acts as a window into the file you are editing. Expert Answer. Vim "Vi IMproved" has many additional features compared to vi, including (scriptable) syntax highlighting, mouse support, graphical versions, visual mode, many new editing commands and a large amount of extension in the area of ex commands. 1. Encrypt Data Communication For Linux Server. With the kernel in place, the System. vim – my go-to editor for remote (SSH) sessions! 🙂 it’s a Vi IMproved editor – lots of customisations and expansions on top of vi editor. There is a set of commands most if not all Linux distributions, and for that matter, also Unix distributions will provide. There are three modes in vi: Command mode, Last Line Mode and Insert Mode. The shorthand for that command is vi. The first Linux distribution that I installed was openSUSE Tumbleweed (as always). Ubuntu - Best overall Linux distro for laptops. In this list, we’ve tried to compile only the best of the best – the tried and true distributions that are guaranteed to accommodate a developer’s needs. Puppy Linux. You have caught on to something important: vim (or at least some form of vi) is on every Linux distro--really, in every UNIX distro in anyone's working memory. Vi is a powerful text editor included with most Linux systems, even embedded ones. The vi editor is included with essentially all Linux distros. 04, Backbox 4. For the purpose of this definition, we’re talking about the Linux kernel in conjunction with tools, applications, and services bundled along with it. SLS became the most popular distribution at the time because it was the first to include more than just the Linux kernel, GNU software, and common utilities–it also included an early implementation of the X Window System, for example. Start Vi. , 7. Every Linux vendor provides Linux source code. Above is the first page of output for the ls manual. It has many features that Vi does not, even features that are not “advanced. . Press ‘ p ’ //To paste the copied text (go to the line below which the copied text is to be pasted). It provides features like snapshots, online defragmentation, sparse files, variable block sizes, and excellent capacity. 5+ (not python 3 yet) interpreters. Ubuntu provides a. Vile stands for “VI Like Emacs,” written in C language. You can even base this distribution on Ubuntu and call it Noobuntu. It’s at the core of some of the biggest industries and businesses in the world—from knowledge-sharing websites like Wikipedia to the New York Stock Exchange to mobile devices running Android (which is a specific-use. If you like to do more things on your own I'd tend to debian. 2. Introduction. It is bundled as the default desktop environment for most Linux distributions, including Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), Fedora, CentOS, SUSE Linux Enterprise, Ubuntu and Debian. The name vi is derived from the shortest unambiguous abbreviation for the command visual in ex; the command in question switches the line editor ex to visual mode. Installation turned out to be an absolute snooze. There's a number of different shells, and a command line using a particular feature of one shell may not work on another shell. A more feature-rich implementation of vi named vim (which stands for "vi improved") is also available. 4. ls Command. Jack Wallen takes a look at a new Linux distribution with a very unique and impressive way of employing security. Here, we’ll focus on the most widely used GNU grep. The latest stable release is Debian 12. Using the vi Command. bashrc There are several text editors available in Linux. Debian. The changelog highlights. They point by mechanism of the update-alternatives. Also, make sure the system boots to nongraphical mode, normally runlevel 3. Answer D is incorrect because pico is used. Ubuntu finds its way at the top of almost any Linux distro list. b) vi editor commands are not case sensitive. The term is Linux distribution (or distro in short form) because an entity like Debian or Ubuntu. See flagged products. 1993: Over 100 developers work on the Linux kernel. Every Linux command you run here comes from BusyBox. Linux Format. What makes it one of the most visually attractive Linux distros is its tweaked Cinnamon desktop environment. Typically, Linux is packaged as the Linux distribution, which contains the supporting libraries and system software and kernel, several of which are offered by the GNU Project. 2. grep command filters the content of a file which makes our search easy. Many Linux distributions use the word "Linux" in their name, but the Free Software Foundation uses and recommends the name "GNU/Linux" to emphasize the use and importance of GNU software in many distributions, causing some controversy. 2 is now here. In this Linux distribution, the default desktop is a blend of Xfce and GNOME 3, heavily customised. The Plasma Linux desktop environment by the KDE software community is one of the most customizable graphical desktop environments. 1 Xfce an Mate or Linux Lite 3. Historically, Vi was designed as a visual mode for the Ex-line editor. If it prompts you to install additional software, click Continue to proceed. Nevermind that its slide-out control center resembles something sexy and sensible. With tutorials and free ebooks, this website features a team of six contributors, so you can expect a number of different voices. How Do I Open Vi Editor In Linux? In order to open the vi editor in linux, you will need to type in “vi” into the command line. vi c. Nowadays, people rarely create a distro from scratch. That said, in general, the various Linux distros all include at least the same basic shells, so if you can make sure you are executing the same shell, you can use the same command line. There are a number of cases where vi (and by that I naturally mean vim. Because 'bash' is 100% 'sh/ksh' compatable and 'ksh' is the POSIX shell. A Great Time to Try Linux. Every system administrator should know vi(m), because it is an easy tool to solve problems. You can use almost any server Linux distros to work with a server, but some distributions are specialized and configured in ways that make them much better and. EndeavourOS 22. For that reason, Vi Improved is developed, or Vim. So if you want a POSIX compliant system, and you are on Linux then you use bash. conf, which is a powerful tool that can configure almost every aspect of the build process. The Initial Announcement of the GNU Project also outlines some of the original plans for the GNU system. The first senses is straightforward. The resulting Linux kernel has been marked by constant growth throughout its history. You don't need to specify it explicitly. Solution for The text editor that is included in the majority of Linux distributions by default is known as what ? a. It’s also the most popular Linux distribution. Most Linux systems have an alias for vi that executes the vim command, an improved version of the original vi editor. If you created a new file that is not already exiting, then you should get something like the below screenshot: 2. c) vi editor has two modes of operation: command mode and insert mode. Almost every Linux distribution comes with a version of Python included in the default system packages. Get a virtual cloud desktop with the Linux distro that you want in less than five minutes with Shells! With over 10 pre-installed distros to choose from, the worry-free installation life is here! Whether you are a digital nomad or just looking for flexibility, Shells can put your Linux machine on the device that you want to use. Otherwise, to save the file, we use:w. Linux began in 1991 as a personal project by Finnish student Linus Torvalds to create a new free operating system kernel. It is available on every Linux and BSD distributions alongside the Windows operating system. CentOS had been a very popular free RHEL compatible distribution. Select Open With Other Application option from right-click context menu. When vi starts up, it is in Command Mode. It is often preferred by new users because of its simplicity, compared to other command line text editors such as vi/vim and emacs. Why is memtest86 included in almost every linux distro? Ok, so on some "bloated" live disks you can test for hard drives, GPUS, viruses etc. For example you can download a form of the Linux kernel with a few. To study how a program works, True or False: Ubuntu and Kubuntu are the. After making the required edits you should save the file. Debian is one of the mature server operating systems that are continuously not only part of many server machines but also provides a base for other famous Linux operating systems such as MX Linux, Ubuntu, Deepin, and many more…. ls is probably the first command every Linux user typed in their terminal. The code used to create Linux is free and available to the public to view, edit, and—for users with the appropriate skills—to contribute to. Alpine Linux. 1. The editor has several commands for moving around within your file. So I want a PNG file that is normally found in almost all Linux distributions, except for Stack Exchange Network Stack Exchange network consists of 183 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow , the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. A workstation, server, and cloud-centric version are all. 4. com vi is included in almost every GNU/Linux or UNIX distribution. Downloads. Explore different Linux distributions and find the one that fits your needs. ) are of it. g: Banking, Universities for results, commerce related departments etc. The single most useful command available on every Linux system is the man command. Reasons to avoid. Most free software projects have the goal of developing a particular program for. Other standard utility programs originated from Unix and specified by POSIX are sh, ls, cp, mv, rm, cat, sed, awk, wc, grep, and so on. On some Linux machine images, you need to install lsof with the lsof package. In Insert mode, you can enter text, use the Enter key to go to a new line, use the arrow keys to navigate text, and use vi as a free-form text editor. This does not lock you into a specific one just because you chose, for example, Ubuntu, but installing. (Stephan Avenwedde, CC BY-SA 4. out” to execute it. It has different SPINS but its main download uses the following: Bootloader - Systemd. The uptime of this linux system: 77 hours. 3. The best Linux distros of 2023 in full: Why you can trust TechRadar We spend hours testing every product or service we review, so you can be sure you’re buying the best. 7. g. 04, Lubuntu 16. Vim is a great option for doing this, or probably the best out there! Because Vim is pre-installed in almost every Linux distribution. A few of the editors included with Linux are: - vi - The 'visual editor. Pronounced (vee-aye), vi stands for visual instrument. The result is the below visual representation of the Linux family of operating systems. A previous version of this tutorial was written by Shaun Lewis. It allows you to list the contents of the directory you want (the current directory by default), including files and other. A lovely site with a weekly newsletter, It's FOSS (short for "free and open source software") goes beyond just Linux, and presents a cavalcade of open source news and tips. It is ready for immediate download or upgrading if you have an existing Kali Linux installation. These are the mandatory commands specified by the POSIX standard. vi) • Understand and distinguish the three. You can play retro games from Atari, Super Nintendo, SEGA, Dreamcast, some GameBoy Advance games, and a lot more. It is a Linux distribution that uses the Nix package manager at its core to save you the trouble from setting it up on a different Linux distribution and letting you make the most out of Nix. Most Linux systems have an alias for vi that executes the vim command, an improved version of the original. In fact, it comes pre-installed; VI comes pre-installed on almost every Linux distribution. For example, to find the string “meta,” type /meta followed by Return. Stallman's GNU emacs editor, like vi, is included with Ubuntu and nearly every other Linux distribution. There, his Pascal compiler came to the attention of a student at UC Berkeley…. However, vi is one of the only editors that is included in just about every Linux distribution as well as other variants of Unix: the fact that vi is ubiquitous merits a basic underst anding of this text editor. There is a set of commands most if not all Linux distributions, and for that matter, also Unix distributions will provide. Really the only significant difference between VentIS and RHEL is support. 2 Ubuntu. 3 is our latest release, but with access to all supported versions and a 10 year life cycle, you can upgrade on your schedule and. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. At the time, Torvalds was a computer science student at the University of Helsinki, Finland and began working on the Linux project as a personal endeavour. So if you were searching for a lightweight distro that just works out of the box, well, Linux Lite is made for users like you. All of the books published to date focus on vi alone not the expanded vim shipping with every major Linux distribution. Click "Restart now" when you're prompted to restart your computer. The 'grep' command stands for "global regular expression print". This is an important best practice in Linux administration. GNU/Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD are probably your best bets out of the 12 options considered. A Linux distribution -- often shortened to "Linux distro" -- is a version of the open source Linux operating system that is packaged with other components, such as an installation programs, management tools and additional software such as the KVM hypervisor. It can manage running services while providing significantly more status information than SystemV. 3 JetPatch: Working for You Behind the Scenes. If you created a new file that is not already exiting, then you should get something like the below screenshot: 2. The concept was similar to today’s “live” distros that run off a CD or a thumb drive. A popular open-source operating system is Linux. In many ways, SLS could be considered the first Linux distribution by today’s standards. About Kali Linux. exe type files. x: delete character; dw: delete word; d$: delete from current position to end of line d0: delete from current position to beginning of line; dG: delete to last line of file; Undo. Now, by withholding RHEL source code, IBM has directly attacked them. It is available on almost every Linux distribution system by default. exrc # chmod 644 /home/user/. txt. Almost all of the Linux Distros are based on Ubuntu only, Just to name a few modern but extremely famous Linux Distro based on Ubuntu are:-. 4. Vim is a vi-like editor but is more advanced and powerful than the original Vi. A few years later, in 1975, Ken Thompson went to Berkeley (the University of California) and built a Pascal compiler for UNIX. Linux Mint 21. It consisted of two floppies: a “boot” disk to boot the system and a “root” disk that contained the filesystem, and from which it actually ran. 8. This distro uses their Plasma desktop environment that is used by default in some other beautiful Linux distros. A frequently used option with ls is -a to show all files. ”. This a very simple and powerful editor. This page is powered by a knowledgeable community that helps you make an informed decision. Qubes OS is mostly “free as in speech,” but not entirely. “vi” is a truncation of the word “visual” and has, contrary to popular belief, nothing to do with the Roman number 6. vi positions the cursor at the next occurrence of the string. It is included with almost every packaged Linux distribution but may not be installed by default. To start Pico in your “root” terminal window, type “Pico” and there it is, ready to use, with. Answer C is correct because vi is in nearly every distribution of Linux that exists. Linux Distribution. Every version of Linux uses the same core. In fact, some versions have a total code size of less than 100KB. Linux History. There are a number of possible global files, depending on the Linux distribution, as well as the Vi editor version and compilation options. Well python does not come on ALL GNU/Linux distros but is present on most of the popular Linux home user distributions (Ubuntu and Fedora Core for example), possibly because most of the application of Gnome desktop environment and KDE use python 2. The default Cinnamon desktop resembles the layout of the Windows system, and this is why it is one of the best Windows-like Linux distros. Question: Part 1: Editing files and your . txt. To see how simple it is to perform a basic text search using grep, let’s search our file for lines containing the string “ linux “: $ grep 'linux' input. XFS is a 64-bit journaling file system and was ported to Linux in 2001. Operating systems based on Linux are known as Linux distributions or distros. It is a widely-used default text editor for Unix-based systems and is shipped with vitually all versions of Unix. It is a widely-used default text editor for Unix-based systems and is shipped with vitually all versions of Unix. # vi /home/user/. Other things to monitor include user activities, filesystem, memory, CPU usage, etc. Pop!_OS. Vim is a great option for doing this, or probably the best out there! Because Vim is pre-installed in almost every Linux distribution. A core Linux distribution contains a kernel, one or more graphical desktop environments, and just about every Linux application that is available, recompiled for the kernel. Linux Mint. Most of the commands you cite (cd, mkdir, ls, echo, grep, sed, awk, etc. Question: The vi' text editor is the default editor available on all Linux distributions. Since Vi is quite difficult, most Linux distributions don't include real Vi; rather, they include Vim and symbolically link (or alias) the Vim to the name Vi. Tasks such as network backup are much faster than others. However, it’s a completely free and open-source Linux distribution built based on Ubuntu with several. Vim is included with almost every Linux distribution (and is also shipped with every copy of Apple macOS). Elementary OS is based on Ubuntu. For licensing reasons, Red Hat is only used where there is a commercial support agreement in place. The python script is recommended as it's the one most developed. For many systems such as FreeBSD and Sun Solaris 8 it comes as an extra package you can easily install. Unlike the Debian family, it uses . Checking /etc/vimrc Scrolling and paging. . To launch the editor, open your Linux terminal and then type: vi <filename_NEW> or <filename_EXISTING>. Interactive Disassembler is one of the best Linux debuggers for professional developers due to the number of features it offers. Or at least, you will have a chance to research any conflicts or issues before you begin the install. If you're using a special shell to log their commands, you could change vi to use that shell. All packages are. Vi is a text editor that is included on every Linux distribution by default, and it has commands that are similar to Linux commands. If you want an easy distribution working almost out of the box. 7 star rating. Linus Torvalds is the creator of the Linux, a project he began while a student at the University of Helsinki. Is vi included in every Linux distribution?The development of Vim (Vi IMproved) started in 1988 as a small program for the Amiga, used by one person. antiX. Lightweight Linux distributions are designed with speed and efficiency in mind, making old computers usable again. 2) It works the same across different platforms and Distributions. To use Vi, we must first understand the 3 modes in which this powerful program operates, in order to begin learning later about its powerful text-editing procedures. Vi is the standard text editor. The OS sits between applications and hardware and makes the connections between all of your software and the physical resources that do the work. Generally, a Linux distribution includes core components including a bootloader, a Linux kernel, an init system, daemons, a graphical server, and applications. However, mastering vi is an important skill for any self-respecting system administrator to learn, as vi is included on nearly every Linux distribution, every BSD system, and every UNIX system in existance. This year I used a variety of operating systems (Linux, Mac, RouterOS) and vi/vim is always available. Answer A is incorrect because, even though emacs is very well known, it's considered an add-on to Linux. Download Respin 7 (March 2017), install Libreoffice and then compare, for example, opening Libreoffice Writer inside Peppermint 7, Extix 17. Learn how. Vim also has a community full of energy and enthusiasm, offering remarkable support in terms of developing remarkable plugins, offering useful Vim tricks and tips both for beginners and expert users plus so much more. With most other Unix-like systems, the kernel is maintained at least with the basic set of utilities, which would include the shell, shell utilities, C compiler, C library, system configuration utilities. In December 2020, IBM effectively killed it as a free alternative to RHEL. The main reason why developers keep creating and distributing new Linux-based OSes is that they simply can. Cron runs in the background and tasks scheduled with cron, referred to as “cron jobs,” are executed automatically, making cron useful for automating. Changes you make to the file are reflected in what you see. Most Linux distributions now ship with the vim (for Vi IMproved) editor rather than classic vi. Vim Is Very Customizable and Extensible. Security. Since all Linux distributions run the same (yup, it's a bit simplified) Linux kernel and differ only in userland software, it's pretty easy to simulate a different distribution environment - by just installing that userland software and pretending it's another distribution. See the download page for more information (the method changes with almost every new Xcode and/or Mac OS X release, so the information in this readme is usually out of date). Because Linux distributions are freely redistributable, anyone may create a distribution for any intended use. 1 Introduction The premier text editor for Linux and UNIX is a program called vi. It is a live distribution, with automated hardware configuration and a wide choice of software,. 4. CentOS / Red Hat Enterprise Linux. This page is powered by a knowledgeable community that helps you make an informed decision. 2. Having said that, a user should not have write permission on most log files anyway. If you want to use vi in a modern environment, and have the non-ASCII arrow keys work as you expect, you probably want. Found standard on nearly all UNIX flavors and Linux distributions; A “vi-able” skill for any UNIX/Linux systems administrator, user or developer. Pop OS. Debian Linux. It is included with almost every Linux distribution as the standard Vi editor. Solus OS: x86-64 architectures based on Lnux. These versions are called distributions or in the short form, we can say distros. The first Linux distributions are created. "Designed to run as a live USB/CD" is the primary reason people pick Puppy Linux over the competition. In this article. The oft-promoted “newbie” distro, Linux Mint’s core aims of offering a light and familiar computing experience that stays out of the way continues to resonate with. After you install vim, the command name vi or vim point to vim. This command will show those files. It includes the power and flexibility of Arch Linux without the complex setup and installation, but in a tiny Linux distro. , ARM (e. Discuss. Download: Etcher. Most popular Linux distributions are : Ubuntu Linux; Linux Mint; Arch Linux; Deepin; Fedora; Debian; Open SUSE; What Can.